In order for computers to be able to exchange data and share resources with each other, they must be interconnected in some fashion. This is referred to as computer networking. Explore computer networking fundamentals, including TCP and user datagram protocol (UDP) ports, and review common networking hardware devices. Examine the differences between hubs and bridges. Discover when to use a network switch and how a router can protect a system. Explore key differences between access points, repeaters, and extenders, as well as cable and DSL modems. Learn about the benefits of Power over Ethernet (PoE) and compare it with Ethernet over Power, which uses common electrical wiring to convey Ethernet connectivity. Lastly, take a look at the features of network interface cards (NIC), optical network terminal (ONT), and software-defined networking (SDN) technologies. This course will prepare you for the CompTIA A+ Core 1 (220-1101) certification exam.